What Does CompTIA A+ Cover? Complete Exam Topics

What does CompTIA A+ cover? Essentially, it covers the core technical skills every entry-level IT professional is expected to master. You’ll need to confidently handle hardware, networking, operating systems, security, and troubleshooting. With two focused exams (Core 1 and Core 2), CompTIA A+ goes beyond theory to assess your real-world capabilities. From my perspective, clearly understanding what CompTIA A+ covers is not only helpful for the exam, but it’s also absolutely vital if you’re serious about building a strong and lasting IT career.

What topics does CompTIA A+ cover?

What topics does CompTIA A+ cover?

The CompTIA A+ certification is designed to validate the skills required for entry-level IT professionals. It covers a wide spectrum of essential subjects to ensure candidates are well-prepared for practical, day-to-day technical responsibilities. The certification is divided into two exams:

• Core 1 (220-1101): Focuses on hardware, networking, mobile devices, and virtualization.
• Core 2 (220-1102): Emphasizes operating systems, cybersecurity, software troubleshooting, and IT procedures.

Each exam includes a combination of multiple-choice questions and performance-based questions that test your ability to apply knowledge in realistic scenarios.

Core 1 (220-1201)

Core 1 focuses on the technical infrastructure required to support users and business environments. It includes five major domains, each representing a percentage of the total exam.

Domain 1: Mobile Devices (15%)

Domain 1: Mobile Devices

This section evaluates your ability to configure, secure, and troubleshoot portable computing devices such as laptops, tablets, and smartphones. As the use of mobile technology grows in both enterprise and consumer environments, these skills are increasingly important.

Key areas covered include:

• Hardware components and features of laptops and tablets
• Mobile device synchronization with desktops and cloud services
• Wireless connectivity standards such as Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, and NFC
• Mobile OS configuration and security settings
• Disassembly procedures and component replacement techniques

Understanding how to manage mobile devices is essential for supporting remote and hybrid workers, as well as field technicians.

Domain 2: Networking (20%)

Domain 2: Networking

The networking domain ensures that candidates have a solid foundation in network architecture and protocols. You must be able to set up, configure, and troubleshoot both wired and wireless networks.

Important topics include:

• Common networking hardware, such as routers, switches, and modems
• Network types include LAN, WAN, PAN, and MAN
• Cable types and their connectors, including Ethernet, fiber, and coaxial
• IP addressing, DNS, DHCP, and subnetting
• Wireless standards and encryption protocols
• Configuring small office/home office (SOHO) networks

This section also tests your ability to interpret basic network troubleshooting tools like ping, tracert, and ipconfig.

Domain 3: Hardware (25%)

Domain 3: Hardware

Hardware is the largest domain in Core 1 and requires an in-depth understanding of computer components and peripherals. You will need to demonstrate your ability to identify, install, and configure internal hardware and external devices.

Topics you must know:

• Motherboards, processors, RAM, and storage devices (HDD, SSD)
• Power supplies and cooling systems
• Printer types and maintenance procedures
• Peripheral devices such as monitors, keyboards, and USB devices
• Custom PC builds for specialized applications such as gaming or CAD

Hardware knowledge forms the foundation of any IT support role, making this one of the most critical areas to master.

Domain 4: Virtualization and Cloud Computing (11%)

Domain 4: Virtualization and Cloud Computing

With businesses increasingly moving to cloud-based services, CompTIA A+ includes foundational knowledge of virtualization and cloud environments. This includes:

• Cloud computing models such as Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS), Software as a Service (SaaS), and Platform as a Service (PaaS)
• Local virtualization tools and virtual machine configuration
• Cloud storage, cloud printing, and file synchronization services
• Remote access technologies, including VPNs and virtual desktops

Although not as technical as higher-level certifications, this section ensures you understand key concepts that impact modern IT workflows.

Domain 5: Hardware and Network Troubleshooting (29%)

Domain 5: Hardware and Network Troubleshooting

This domain tests your ability to identify and resolve common issues related to hardware and network infrastructure. It is highly practical and performance-based. Key topics include:

• Troubleshooting boot issues, power failures, and overheating
• Diagnosing video, input, and output problems
• Resolving printer and peripheral device issues
• Identifying network connection failures
• Step-by-step logical troubleshooting methodologies

Proficiency in this area demonstrates that you can think critically and solve problems in a fast-paced IT support environment.

Core 2 (220-1202)

Core 2 focuses on software environments, cybersecurity, and organizational procedures. These are the skills you will use every day in end-user support, system configuration, and incident response.

Domain 1: Operating Systems (31%)

Domain 1: Operating Systems

This section covers the installation, configuration, and maintenance of major operating systems used in enterprise and consumer settings. You will need to understand:

• Installing and upgrading Windows operating systems
• File systems, system utilities, and command-line tools
• Configuring user accounts and permissions
• Mobile operating systems such as iOS and Android
• Linux basics, including navigation and permissions
• Virtual machine setup and OS recovery tools

Solid OS knowledge is essential for troubleshooting software issues, deploying updates, and supporting users across diverse platforms.

Domain 2: Security (25%)

Domain 2: Security

Security is a core responsibility for any IT technician. This domain ensures that you can recognize and mitigate common cybersecurity threats. Covered subjects include:

• Types of malware, including viruses, trojans, and ransomware
• Social engineering attacks, such as phishing and pretexting
• Secure network protocols and best practices (HTTPS, SSH, VPN)
• Password policies, authentication methods, and access controls
• Physical security measures such as biometrics and key fobs
• Device hardening, encryption, and software firewalls

Basic security awareness is critical in every IT role, especially as threats continue to evolve.

Domain 3: Software Troubleshooting (22%)

Domain 3: Software Troubleshooting

This domain measures your ability to troubleshoot a wide range of software-related problems across operating systems and applications. Topics include:

• Diagnosing application crashes and startup errors
• Addressing system slowdowns and update failures
• Troubleshooting browser issues and configuration errors
• Identifying and removing malicious software
• Managing mobile app problems and OS compatibility issues

Effective troubleshooting requires both technical knowledge and strong problem-solving skills.

Domain 4: Operational Procedures (22%)

Domain 4: Operational Procedures

This section covers the organizational, safety, and communication procedures necessary for efficient IT operations. Key elements include:

• Best practices for documentation and ticketing
• Professional conduct and customer service
• Change management processes and incident response
• Environmental controls and equipment disposal
• Backup strategies and disaster recovery
• Introduction to basic scripting and automation tools

Operational knowledge ensures technicians not only solve problems but also support business continuity and compliance.

FAQs

1. Are the CompTIA A+ topics relevant to real-world IT jobs?

Yes, absolutely. The CompTIA A+ certification is designed to reflect real-world IT responsibilities. Topics such as hardware configuration, operating system management, troubleshooting, and basic cybersecurity directly align with the CompTIA A+ jobs, such as IT support specialists, help desk technicians, and desktop support professionals. Employers value A+ because it ensures candidates have the hands-on skills and foundational knowledge needed to solve day-to-day technical issues in modern workplace environments.

2. How can I study all the CompTIA A+ subjects effectively?

To study effectively for the CompTIA A+ exams, start by reviewing the CompTIA A+ exam objectives for both Core 1 and Core 2 to understand the full scope of topics. Use a structured study plan that breaks subjects into manageable sections, such as hardware, networking, operating systems, and security. Supplement your learning with reputable resources, including CompTIA A+’s official study guides, video tutorials, and online CompTIA A+ practice tests. Finally, focus more time on areas you find difficult and regularly test yourself to track progress and build confidence.

Final Thoughts

Clearly understanding what does the CompTIA A+ covers is essential for anyone looking to begin a serious career in IT. From troubleshooting PCs to managing operating systems and securing endpoints, the exam reflects real-world skills employers expect. So, what does CompTIA A cover in practical terms? It prepares you to handle core IT responsibilities with confidence across hardware, networking, software, and security. Mastering both Core 1 and Core 2 means you’re prepared not only to pass the exams but also to perform confidently in real-world IT roles.